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Поняття температури, Детальна інформація
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Iiiyooy oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e.
Oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0a - oea aeineoue aaaeeeaa oa\x00F0aeoa\x00F0enoeea oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ii? nenoaie. Aiia aecia/a\x00BA nooi\x00B3iue iaa\x00F0\x00B3oino\x00B3 o\x00B3e \x00B3 \x00BA i\x00B3\x00F0ith \x00B3ioaineaiino\x00B3 oaieiaiai \x00F0ooo.
Aioo\x00F0\x00B3oi\x00B3 ia\x00F0aiao\x00F0e nenoaie iiae\x00B3eythoueny ia \x00B3ioaineai\x00B3 oa aenoaineai\x00B3. Ia\x00F0aiao\x00F0e oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ii? nenoaie, ye\x00B3 ia caeaaeaoue a\x00B3ae iane aai /enea /anoeiie a nenoai\x00B3, iaceaathoue \x00B3ioaineaieie.
Oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0a ae\x00F0aaea\x00BA noai aioo\x00F0\x00B3oiueiai \x00F0ooo \x00F0\x00B3aiiaaaeii? nenoaie iacaeaaeii a\x00B3ae e\x00B3eueeino\x00B3 /anoeiie a ieo.
Oiio oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0a \x00BA \x00B3ioaineaiei ia\x00F0aiao\x00F0ii.\x00B2 a oeueiio \x00F0icoi\x00B3ii\x00B3 aiia \x00BA i\x00B3\x00F0ith \x00B3ioaineaiino\x00B3 oaieiaiai \x00F0ooo.
Aenaineai\x00B3 oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/i\x00B3 ia\x00F0aiao\x00F0e - oea ia\x00F0aiao\x00F0e, ye\x00B3 i\x00F0iii\x00F0oe\x00B3ei\x00B3 ian\x00B3 aai /eneo /anoeiie aeaii? oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ii? nenoaie.
\x00AFoi\x00BA cia/aiiy aei\x00F0\x00B3aith\x00BA noi\x00B3 cia/aiue oaeeo naieo ia\x00F0aiao\x00F0\x00B3a ie\x00F0aieo /anoei nenoaie. Aei oaeeo ia\x00F0aiao\x00F0\x00B3a iaeaaeaoue ia’\x00BAi, aia\x00F0a\x00B3y oa \x00B3io\x00B3.
Aaniethoia oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ia oeaea.
Aaniethoia oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ia oeaea \x00BA iniiaiith oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0iith oeaeith o o\x00B3ceoe\x00B3. Aiia iiaoaeiaaia ia iniia\x00B3 ae\x00F0oaiai caeiio oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3ee. Oeth oeaeo iaceaathoue oaeiae oeaeith Eaeuea\x00B3ia. Iaeeieoeath oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ii? oeaee \x00BA eaeuea\x00B3i. A N\x00B2 oiiaeeenue oeaeo oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0 aecia/aoe ca iaeiith \x00F0aia\x00F0iith, ca yeo acyoi iio\x00F0\x00B3eio oi/eo aiaee. Oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0o iio\x00F0\x00B3eii? oi/ee aiaee i\x00F0eeiyoi aaaaeaoe oaeith ,ui aei\x00F0\x00B3aitha 273,16 E. Eaeuea\x00B3i - oea 1\273,16 /anoeia oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ii? oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e iio\x00F0\x00B3eii? oi/ee aiaee.
Ioaea, iaeeieoey oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e aecia/a\x00BAoueny ye 1\273,16 oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0iiai \x00B3ioa\x00F0aaeo i\x00B3ae iio\x00F0\x00B3eiith oi/eith aiaee \x00B3 oi/eith aaniethoiiai ioey oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0, yea ia \x00BA \x00F0aia\x00F0iith, a \x00BA oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0ith ia 273,16 E ieae/ith a\x00B3ae oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e iio\x00F0\x00B3eii? oi/ee aiaee.
Aenia\x00F0aiaioaeuei\x00B3 oo\x00F0oaeiaiiy aei\x00B3\x00F0thaaiiy oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0 ca aaniethoiith oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/iith oeaeith i\x00F0eaaee aei iaiao\x00B3aeiino\x00B3 noai\x00F0aiiy I\x00B3aeia\x00F0iaeii? oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0ii? oeaee (1968 \x00F0.).
Aiia iniiaaia ia iaeeiaaeeyoe oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0ieo oi/eao, ui aeia\x00F0a a\x00B3aeoai\x00F0ththoueny, yeei i\x00F0eienothoueny eiie\x00F0aoi\x00B3 cia/aiiy oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0 (ia\x00F0aeii\x00B3 \x00F0aia\x00F0i\x00B3 oi/ee ). I\x00B3ae ia\x00F0aeiieie \x00F0aia\x00F0ieie oi/eaie oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0ia oeaea anoaiiaeth\x00BAoueny ca aeiiiiiaith \x00B3ioa\x00F0iieyoe\x00B3eieo oi\x00F0ioe, ye\x00B3 ae\x00F0aaeathoue ni\x00B3aa\x00B3aeiioaiiy i\x00B3ae oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0ith \x00B3iieacaie noaiaea\x00F0oieo oa\x00F0iiiao\x00F0\x00B3a (ieaoeiiaee oa\x00F0iiiao\x00F0 ,ieaoeiiai \x00F0iae\x00B3\x00BAaa oa\x00F0iiia\x00F0a, iioe/iee i\x00B3\x00F0iiao\x00F0), ye\x00B3 a\x00F0aaeoeiaai\x00B3 ii oeeo \x00F0aia\x00F0ieo oi/eao. Any iaeanoue oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0, yea ioiieth\x00BAoueny I\x00B3aeia\x00F0iaeiith i\x00F0aeoe/iith oeaeith, iiae\x00B3ey\x00BAoueny ia \x00F0yae \x00B3ioa\x00F0aae\x00B3a, a eiaeiiio c yeeo \x00F0aeiiaiaeo\x00BAoueny nai? iaoiaee a\x00B3aeoai\x00F0aiiy oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0 \x00B3 nai? \x00B3ioa\x00F0iieyoe\x00B3ei\x00B3 oi\x00F0ioee.
Oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0a Oeaeuen\x00B3y aecia/a\x00BAoueny ae\x00F0acii t = T - T0, aea O0=273,16 E.
Iaeeieoey, yea aeei\x00F0enoiao\x00BAoueny aeey aei\x00B3\x00F0thaaiiy oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e Oeaeuen\x00B3y, \x00BA a\x00F0aaeon Oeaeuen\x00B3y (N0). \x00D0\x00B3cieoeth oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0 ae\x00F0aaeathoue o eaeuea\x00B3iao; ?? iiaeia aecia/aoe oaeiae o a\x00F0aaeonao Oeaeuen\x00B3y.
P&C By Shestopol Rusian All Rights Reservd
IaOEIA Eenoiiaae 1997
Aaniethoiee ioeue.
Aeey oiai uia o aeai\x00B3e nenoai\x00B3 iiaea a\x00B3aeaoaaoenue iaaia o\x00B3i\x00B3/ia \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3y, a i\x00B3e iiaeii\x00B3 aooe iaeaaei\x00B3 ia\x00F0aaeoiiae nooi o\x00B3i\x00B3/iiai \x00F0iaeo oa ia\x00F0aaoaaiiy ?? o a\x00B3aeiia\x00B3aeiiio o\x00B3ce/iiio noai\x00B3. Noeoii\x00B3noue o\x00B3ce/ieo oa o\x00B3i\x00B3/ieo oiia, ye\x00B3 noai\x00F0ththoue iiaeeea\x00B3noue o\x00B3i\x00B3/ii? \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3? a aeai\x00B3e nenoai\x00B3 iaceaathoue o\x00B3i\x00B3/iith nii\x00F0\x00B3aeiai\x00B3noth. Aeey i\x00F0aeoe/ieo oe\x00B3eae oeueiio nooi ye\x00B3niiio aecia/aiith o\x00F0aaa iinoaaeoe o a\x00B3aeiia\x00B3aei\x00B3noue iaaio aaee/eio,yea aoea a e\x00B3euee\x00B3niith i\x00B3\x00F0ith o\x00B3i\x00B3/ii? nii\x00F0\x00B3aeiaiino\x00B3 oae, uia ?? /eneiaa cia/aiiy oa\x00F0aeoa\x00F0ecoaaei \x00B3ioaineai\x00B3noue o\x00B3i\x00B3/ii? \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3?, a ?? ciae - iai\x00F0yi. Ia\x00F0oo ni\x00F0iao ciaeoe i\x00B3\x00F0o o\x00B3i\x00B3/ii? nii\x00F0\x00B3aeiaiino\x00B3 c\x00F0iaea E.-TH. Oiinai o 1853 \x00F0ioe\x00B3. A\x00B3i i\x00F0eionoea, ui ca oaeo i\x00B3\x00F0o ne\x00B3ae a\x00F0aoe oaieiaee aoaeo \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3?. Aaio-Aioo c’ynoaaa, ui ni\x00F0aaaeiueth i\x00B3\x00F0ith o\x00B3i\x00B3/ii? nii\x00F0\x00B3aeiaiino\x00B3 \x00BA ia oaieioa \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3? , ui aei\x00F0\x00B3aitha ciaioaiith aioo\x00F0\x00B3oiue? aia\x00F0a\x00B3? nenoaie, a iaeneiaeueia \x00F0iaioa, aeeiioaaia o\x00B3i\x00B3/ieie aca\x00BAiiae\x00B3yie a iai\x00F0ioiiio i\x00F0ioean\x00B3. Ine\x00B3eueee o\x00B3i\x00B3/i/ aca\x00BAiiae\x00B3?, ye iieaco\x00BA aeine\x00B3ae, caeaaeaoue a\x00B3ae oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e, oi oey \x00F0iaioa iaeiicia/ii aecia/aoeiaoueny o\x00B3eueee i\x00F0e oiia\x00B3 noaei? oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e, oiaoi aiia aei\x00F0\x00B3aith\x00BA ciaioaiith a\x00B3eueii? aia\x00F0a\x00B3? nenoaie.
Aiae\x00B3coth/e \x00F0acoeueoaoe aenia\x00F0aiaioaeueieo aeine\x00B3aeaeaiue iiaaae\x00B3iee \x00F0a/iaeie i\x00F0e iecueeeo oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0ao, A.-A. Ia\x00F0ino noi\x00F0ioethaaa o\x00F0ao\x00B3e caeii oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3ee oae: i\x00F0e iaaeeaeaii\x00B3 oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e aei aaniethoiiai ioey aio\x00F0ii\x00B3y aoaeue-yei? \x00F0\x00B3aiiaaaeii? nenoaie i\x00F0e \x00B3cioa\x00F0i\x00B3/ieo i\x00F0ioeanao ia\x00F0anoa\x00BA caeaaeaoe a\x00B3ae oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ieo ia\x00F0aiao\x00F0\x00B3a noaio \x00B3 i\x00F0e O - > 0 iaaoaa\x00BA oo naio noaeo aeey an\x00B3o nenoai, yeo iiaeia aaaaeaoe oaeith, ui aei\x00F0\x00B3aith\x00BA ioeth. I. Ieaie i\x00F0eionoea, ui iiaeeco aaniethoiiai ioey ia\x00BA i\x00B3noea ia o\x00B3eueee iaci\x00B3ii\x00B3noue aio\x00F0ii\x00B3? a aeia\x00B3eueiiio \x00B3cioa\x00F0i\x00B3/iiio i\x00F0ioean\x00B3, a e ui naia aio\x00F0ii\x00B3y ia\x00F0aoai\x00F0th\x00BAoueny a ioeue i\x00F0e aaniethoiiio ioe\x00B3 oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0,oiaoi
lim S = 0 O - > 0
I\x00F0e oeueiio I.Ieaie iioe\x00F0ea oea oaa\x00F0aeaeaiiy c aeiaaeeo eiiaeeiniaaieo nenoai, ye\x00B3 o\x00B3eueee \x00B3 \x00F0icaeyaeaa A.-A.Ia\x00F0ino, ia aeia\x00B3euei\x00B3 nenoaie. Aeacaia oi\x00F0ioea - oea iaea\x00B3eueo caaaeueia ae\x00F0aaeaiiy o\x00F0aoueiai caeiio oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3ee.
C o\x00F0aoueai caeiio oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3ee aeieeaa\x00BA aaciina\x00F0aaeiuei iieiaeaiiy i\x00F0i iaaeinyaei\x00B3noue aaniethoiiai ioey oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0.Oea iieiaeaiiy aeieeaa\x00BA c oiai oaeoo, ui an\x00B3 o\x00B3ce/i\x00B3 iaoiaee iaea\x00F0aeaiiy iaaeiecueeeo oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0 a\x00F0oioo\x00BAoueny ia canoinoaaii\x00B3 aae\x00B3aaaoieo i\x00F0ioean\x00B3a, ye\x00B3 i\x00F0eaiaeyoue aei ioieiaeaeaiiy nenoai, ui aeeiiothoue oe\x00B3 i\x00F0ioeane. I\x00F0ioa i\x00F0e iaaeeaeaii\x00B3 aei aaniethoiiai ioey a\x00B3aei\x00B3ii\x00B3noue i\x00B3ae ae\x00B3aaaoieie e \x00B3cioa\x00F0i\x00B3/ieie i\x00F0ioeanaie aeaaeae\x00B3 ciaioo\x00BAoueny \x00B3 a oi/oe\x00B3 aaniethoiiai ioey cian\x00B3i cieea\x00BA. Oaeei /eiii, c iaaeeaeaiiyi aei aaniethoiiai ioey aoaeo aae\x00B3aaaoiiai ioieiaeaeaiiy noa\x00BA ana ieae/ei, iiee cian\x00B3i ia cieea\x00BA. Ioaea, iiaeia o\x00B3eueee aneiiioe/ii iaaeeaeaoeny aei aaniethoiiai ioey, i\x00B3eiee eiai ia aeinyaath/e.
Canoinoaaiiy iecueei? oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e a a\x00B3ieia\x00B3?.
Iecuee\x00B3 oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e a a\x00B3ieia\x00B3? canoiniaothoueny cie\x00F0aia i\x00F0e aea/aii\x00B3 aoaeiae ee\x00B3oei oa ?o i\x00F0aaiae, a naia a aeaeo\x00F0iii\x00B3e i\x00B3e\x00F0ineii\x00B3? i\x00B3ae /an oae caaiiai a\x00B3aeeiethaaiiy.
O\x00F0aaiaio oeaieie oaeaeei caii\x00F0iaeothoue i\x00F0e aeoaea iecuee\x00B3e oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0\x00B3 ( aeecueei -100 N0 ) , iio\x00B3i \x00F0icii\x00F0iaeo\x00BAoueny , i\x00B3ney oeueiai ca aeiiiiiaith iaaecae/aeii oiieiai eaca oeaieia \x00F0iceieth\x00BAoueny ai\x00F0iaeiaae neaai c’\x00BAaeiaieo /anoei, yeeie /anoi yaeythoueny ee\x00B3oeii\x00B3 iaia\x00F0aie. I\x00F0aia\x00F0ao aeo\x00F0eiothoue aoieiae\x00B3 a oiiaao aenieiai \x00F0ic\x00F0\x00B3aeaeaiiy ( aaeooi\x00B3 ) ; a oeeo oiiaao e\x00B3ae a\x00B3aeaaiy\x00BAoueny caeeoath/e neieioo iiaa\x00F0oith.
\x00D0aie\x00B3eo oe\x00B3\x00BA? iiaa\x00F0oi\x00B3 noai\x00F0ththoue oeyoii inaaeaeaiiy ia ia? oa\x00F0o aoaeaoeth. Ia oeth \x00F0aie\x00B3eo c aoaeaoeth iaieey\x00BAoueny aaaeeee iaoae , a oeaieie i\x00B3ae \x00F0aie\x00B3eith \x00F0oeiothoueny, ye i\x00F0aaeei ae\x00B3\x00BAth neeueieo eeneio i\x00F0e ii\x00F0iaeueiiio aoiinoa\x00F0iiio oeneo. Oeae iaoiae a aeoaea c\x00F0o/iei i\x00F0e aea/aii\x00B3 no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0e iaia\x00F0aie ee\x00B3oei . Eiai c\x00F0o/i\x00B3noue iieyaa\x00BA a oiio , ui aeea\x00B3 oeaieie oaeaeei a\x00B3aeia\x00F0athoue , ia i\x00B3aeaeath/enue o\x00B3i\x00B3/i\x00B3e ia\x00F0iaoe\x00B3, ui iiaea iioeiaeeoe ?? no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0o. Aeoaea iiaeeeai, ui oae\x00B3 ee\x00B3oeie caa\x00F0\x00B3aathoue naith iiia\x00F0aaeith ( i\x00F0eaeeoo\x00BAao oi\x00F0io ) oei naiei i\x00B3aeoaa\x00F0aeaeoth/e aeai\x00B3, io\x00F0eiai\x00B3 ca aeiiiiiaith caaaeueiiaaeeaaieo a\x00B3noieia\x00B3/ieo iaoiaeee.
Iecuee\x00B3 oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0e a aeaeo\x00F0ii\x00B3oe\x00B3.
Aoei aeine\x00B3aeaeaii, ui aeaye\x00B3 oa\x00F0aeoa\x00F0i\x00B3 iaiaoaee ca iaaieo oiia iiaeooue i\x00F0iyaeyoe iaoae\x00B3/i\x00B3 aeanoeaino\x00B3. A naia i\x00F0e iaaeiecuee\x00B3e oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0\x00B3 oa aenieiio oeneo, iai\x00F0eeeaae , /a\x00F0aiiee oinoi\x00F0 iaaoaa\x00BA iaoae\x00B3/ieo aeanoeainoae. Ia iaio oe\x00B3eaa\x00B3 \x00F0acoeueoaoe aoee io\x00F0eiai\x00B3 aeey e\x00F0aii\x00B3y oa aoaeaoeth. sseui oe\x00B3 iaiaoaee i\x00B3aeaeaoe aenieiio oeneo ,( aeecueei 10000 I\x00D0a ) oi aiie iaeaeaa ia\x00F0aoiaeyoue aei iaoae\x00B3/iiai noaio.
Iniaeeai oe\x00B3eaaeie \x00BA i\x00F0eiouaiiy i\x00F0i iaoae\x00B3/i\x00B3 aeanoeaino\x00B3 aiaeith. sse a\x00B3aeiii, ca ii\x00F0iaeueieo oiia aiaeaiue - aac, i\x00F0e oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0\x00B3 -2530 a\x00B3i c\x00F0\x00B3aeaeo\x00BAoueny, a i\x00F0e 2590 ia\x00F0aoiaeeoueaei oaa\x00F0aeiai noaio .I\x00F0ioa o aneo o\x00F0ueio noaiao aiaeaiue - yaiee iaiaoae. I\x00F0ioa, ca\x00B3aeii c no/aniith oai\x00F0\x00B3\x00BAth oaa\x00F0aeiai o\x00B3ea, i\x00F0e aeinoaoiuei aenieiio oeneo oa iecuee\x00B3e oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0\x00B3 an\x00B3 \x00F0a/iaeie ia\x00F0aoiaeyoue aei iaoae\x00B3/iiai noaio. A\x00B3aeii\x00B3 oaeiae oiiae i\x00F0e yeeo iiaeiai a\x00B3aeaooenue oaeee ia\x00F0ao\x00B3ae o aiaeith: oene (a\x00B3ey 200000I\x00D0a ) \x00B3 oaiia\x00F0aoo\x00F0a - 2600. Ua cian\x00B3i iaaeaaii oae\x00B3 oiiae aoee ca iaaeath aenia\x00F0aiaioaeueieo iiaeeeainoae. Ca oeeo oiia aiaeaiue \x00BA iaaei\x00F0ia\x00B3aeieeii (eiaiaeaeo\x00F0e/iee ii\x00B3\x00F0 \x00F0\x00B3aiee ioeaa\x00B3). sseae iaaei\x00F0ia\x00B3aei\x00B3noue iiaeia aoei caa\x00F0aaoe i\x00F0e ii\x00F0iaeueieo oiiaao , oi iaaei\x00F0ia\x00B3aeieee iiaeia aoei a aeei\x00F0enoiaoaaoe aeey ia\x00F0aaea/\x00B3 aia\x00F0a\x00B3? aac ao\x00F0ao, ui aacia\x00F0a/ii i\x00F0ecaeei a aei \x00F0aaiethoe\x00B3eieo ci\x00B3i a aeaeo\x00F0ii\x00B3oe\x00B3.
Aeei\x00F0enoaia e\x00B3oa\x00F0aoo\x00F0a:
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