Регуляція активності ферментів, Детальна інформація

Aaee/eia ^ G a\x00B3ae\x00F0ie\x00B3co AOO aei AAeO \x00B3 iai\x00F0aai\x00B3/iiai oinoaoa caeaaeeoue a\x00B3ae eiioeaio\x00F0aoe\x00B3? an\x00B3o \x00F0aaaoth/eo \x00F0a/iaei \x00B3 ca cae/aeieo aeey ee\x00B3oeie oiia eaaeeoue a iaaeao a\x00B3ae -11 aei -13 eeae / iieue. \x00D0aaeoe\x00B3y a\x00B3ae\x00F0ie\x00B3co AOO, c\x00F0aooith, iiaea aooe aeei\x00F0enoaia aeey cae\x00B3eniaiiy oa\x00F0iiaeeiai\x00B3/ii iaaea\x00B3aeii? \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3? \x00B3c cia/aiiyi ^ G, \x00F0\x00B3aiei i\x00F0eaeecii +10 eeae / iieue, cae/aeii, ca i\x00F0enooiino\x00B3 a\x00B3aeiia\x00B3aeii? iine\x00B3aeiaiino\x00B3 \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3e. Iaeiae aeey aaaaoueio \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3e a\x00B3ineioaco aeyaey\x00BAoueny iaaeinoaoi\x00B3i iaa\x00B3oue ^ G = -13 eeae / iieue. A oeeo oa \x00B3ioeo aeiaaeeao oeyo a\x00B3ae\x00F0ie\x00B3co AOO ci\x00B3ith\x00BAoueny oaeei /eiii, ui nii/aoeo ooai\x00F0ththoueny AIO \x00B3 \x00D0\x00D0\x00B3 (i\x00B3\x00F0ioinoao). Ia ianooii\x00B3e noaae\x00B3? i\x00B3\x00F0ioinoao oaeiae i\x00B3aeaea\x00BAoueny a\x00B3ae\x00F0ie\x00B3co ; caaaeueia ci\x00B3ia a\x00B3eueii? aia\x00F0a\x00B3? anueiai i\x00F0ioeano noaiiaeoue i\x00F0eaeecii -26 eeae / iieue.

sseei /eiii aia\x00F0a\x00B3y a\x00B3ae\x00F0ie\x00B3co i\x00B3\x00F0ioinoaoo aeei\x00F0enoiao\x00BAoueny a a\x00B3ineioaoe/ieo \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3yo ? Iaeei c oeyo\x00B3a iiaeia i\x00F0iaeaiiino\x00F0oaaoe ia i\x00F0eeeaae\x00B3 iaaaaeaiiai aeua neioaco niieoee A - A \x00B3c A - I oa A - II. I\x00F0e aeiiiiic\x00B3 a\x00B3aeiia\x00B3aeiiai oa\x00F0iaioo A - II iiaea anooieoe a \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3th c AOO \x00B3 ia\x00F0aoai\x00F0eoeny ia aenieiaia\x00F0aaoe/io niieoeo A - I - \x00D0 - \x00D0. Oaia\x00F0 \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3y neeaaea\x00BAoueny c o\x00F0ueio noaae\x00B3e :

1) A - II + AOO — A - I - \x00D0 - \x00D0 + AIO

2) A - I + A - I - \x00D0 - \x00D0 — A - A + \x00D0\x00D0\x00B3

3) \x00D0\x00F0\x00B3 + I2I — 2\x00D0\x00B3 Noia\x00F0io \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3th iiaeia i\x00F0aaenoaaeoe o ianooiiiio aeaeyae\x00B3 :

A - I + A - II — A - A \x00B3 AOO + I2I — AIO + 2\x00D0\x00B3 Ine\x00B3eueee oa\x00F0iaio caaaeaee i\x00F0enei\x00F0th\x00BA eaoae\x00B3ciaaio iei \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3th ye a i\x00F0yiiio, oae \x00B3 a cai\x00F0ioiueiio iai\x00F0yieo, niieoea A - A iiaea \x00F0iciaaeaoeny, \x00F0aaaoth/e c i\x00B3\x00F0ioinoaoii (\x00F0aaeoe\x00B3y, iaa\x00F0iaia aei noaae\x00B3? 2). Iaeiae aia\x00F0aaoe/ii aea\x00B3aeia \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3y a\x00B3ae\x00F0ie\x00B3co i\x00B3\x00F0ioinoaoo (noaae\x00B3y 3) ni\x00F0ey\x00BA i\x00B3aeo\x00F0eiaiith noaa\x00B3eueiino\x00B3 niieoee A- A ca \x00F0aooiie oiai, ui eiioeaio\x00F0aoe\x00B3y i\x00B3\x00F0ioinoaoo caeeoa\x00BAoueny aeoaea iecueeith (oea caiia\x00B3aa\x00BA i\x00F0io\x00B3eaiith \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3?, iaa\x00F0iaii? aei noaae\x00B3? 2). Oaeei /eiii, aia\x00F0a\x00B3y a\x00B3ae\x00F0ie\x00B3co i\x00B3\x00F0ioinoaoo caaacia/o\x00BA i\x00F0io\x00B3eaiiy \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3? a i\x00F0yiiio iai\x00F0yieo. I\x00F0eeeaaeii aaaeeeai? a\x00B3ineioaoe/ii? \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3? oaeiai oeio \x00BA neioac iie\x00B3ioeeaioeaea.

AAIIA \x00D0AAOEssOe\x00B2ss

Iaeiei c iaea\x00B3eueo \x00F0iciianthaeaeaieo iaoiae\x00B3a \x00F0aaoeyoe\x00B3? aeoeaiino\x00B3 oa\x00F0iaio\x00B3a \x00BA \x00F0aaoeyoe\x00B3y \x00F0ici\x00B3\x00F0\x00B3a ?o ae\x00F0iaieoeoaa, cie\x00F0aia, aaiia \x00F0aaoeyoe\x00B3y.

Eeane/iith aaiaoeeith anoaiiaeaii, ui an\x00B3 niiaoe/i\x00B3 ee\x00B3oeie i\x00F0aai\x00B3cio ianooue iaeei \x00B3 oie aea iaa\x00B3\x00F0 aai\x00B3a, oiaoi i\x00B3noyoue iaeiaeiaa /enei o\x00F0iiinii, ui ianooue iaei\x00B3 e o\x00B3 nai\x00B3 aeae\x00B3. \x00B2 ia caaaeath/e ia oea, ee\x00B3oeie aaaaoiee\x00B3oeiiiai i\x00F0aai\x00B3cio aeoaea \x00F0\x00B3ciiiai\x00B3oi\x00B3 ca aoaeiaith oa ooieoe\x00B3yie. Iaa\x00B3oue o iaei\x00B3\x00BA? e o\x00B3\x00BA? ae naii? ee\x00B3oeie oaeaee\x00B3noue neioaco a\x00B3eeiaeo iieaeoe iiaea aa\x00F0’thaaoe a caeaaeiino\x00B3 a\x00B3ae ianoaaei \x00B3 iio\x00F0aa. Aeai\x00B3 i\x00F0i iaoai\x00B3cie, ui \x00F0aaoeththoue aeoeai\x00B3noue aai\x00B3a o ee\x00B3oei\x00B3, aoei aia\x00F0oa io\x00F0eiaii i\x00F0e aea/aii\x00B3 \x00F0aaoeyoe\x00B3? neioaco oa\x00F0iaio\x00B3a o eeoeiai? iaee/ee (Escherichia coli).

O 1961 \x00F0. O\x00F0ainoa AEaeia \x00B3 AEae Iiii i\x00F0iaaee \x00F0yae aenia\x00F0eiaio\x00B3a, aaaeath/e c\x00F0icoi\x00B3oe i\x00F0e\x00F0iaeo \x00B3iaeoeoe\x00B3? neioaco oa\x00F0iaio\x00B3a o E.coli. Aaaaeathoue, ui a ee\x00B3oeiao E.coli neioaco\x00BAoueny aeecueei 800 oa\x00F0iaio\x00B3a. Neioac aeayeeo c ieo a\x00B3aeaoaa\x00BAoueny aacia\x00F0a\x00F0aii \x00B3 ?o iaceaathoue eiinoeooaieie oa\x00F0iaioaie ; \x00B3io\x00B3 ooai\x00F0ththoueny o\x00B3eueee a i\x00F0enooiino\x00B3 iaaiiai \x00B3iaeoeoi\x00F0a, yeee iiaea e ia aooe noano\x00F0aoii aeaiiai oa\x00F0iaioa. Oae\x00B3 oa\x00F0iaioe, i\x00F0eeeaaeii yeeo \x00BA - aaeaeoicaaeaca, iac. \x00B3iaeooeeaaeueieie oa\x00F0iaioaie.

E.coli oaeaeei \x00F0inoa a eoeueoo\x00F0aeueiiio na\x00F0aaeiaeu\x00B3, ui i\x00B3noeoue aetheico. I\x00F0e ia\x00F0aianaii\x00B3 ee\x00B3oei a o\x00B3 ae nai\x00B3 oiiae, aea \x00B3c eaeoicith cai\x00B3noue aetheice, \x00F0\x00B3no ii/eia\x00BAoueny ia iae\x00F0aco,a i\x00B3ney ei\x00F0ioei? cao\x00F0eiee, aea iio\x00B3i \x00B3aea c oaeith ae oaeaee\x00B3noth, ye \x00B3 ca iayaiino\x00B3 aetheice. I\x00F0iaaaeai\x00B3 aeine\x00B3aeaeaiiy iieacaee, ui aeey \x00F0inoo a eaeoiciiio na\x00F0aaeiaeu\x00B3 iaiao\x00B3aeia iayai\x00B3noue aeaio \x00F0a/iaei, ye\x00B3 E.coli cae/aeii ia neioaco\x00BA : - aaeaeoiceaeaco, ui a\x00B3ae\x00F0ie\x00B3co\x00BA eaeoico aei aetheice oa aaeaeoice, \x00B3 eaeoiciia\x00F0iaaco, ui \x00F0iaeoue ee\x00B3oeio caeaoiith oaeaeei aae\x00F0aoe eaeoico c na\x00F0aaeiaeua. Oea iiaea aooe i\x00F0eeeaaeii oiai, ye ci\x00B3ia a oiiaao na\x00F0aaeiaeua - cai\x00B3ia aetheice eaeoicith - \x00B3iaeoeo\x00BA neioac iaaiiai oa\x00F0iaioa. \x00B2io\x00B3 aenia\x00F0eiaioe c E.coli iieacaee, ui aenieee ai\x00B3no a na\x00F0aaeiaeu\x00B3 ai\x00B3iieeneioe o\x00F0eioioaia ia\x00F0aoeiaeaea\x00BA ae\x00F0iaieoeoao o\x00F0eioioaineioaoace - oa\x00F0iaioa, ui \x00BA iaiao\x00B3aeiei aeey neioaco o\x00F0eioioaia ee\x00B3oeiith. Neioac - aaeaeoiceaeace \x00BA i\x00F0eeeaaeii \x00B3iaeoeoe\x00B3?, a ia\x00F0aoeiaeaeaiiy neioaco o\x00F0eioioaineioaoace - i\x00F0eeeaaeii \x00F0ai\x00F0an\x00B3? oa\x00F0iaioa. Ia iniia\x00B3 oeeo niinoa\x00F0aaeaiue AEaeia \x00B3 Iiii cai\x00F0iiiioaaee iaoai\x00B3ci, ui iiynith\x00BA \x00B3iaeoeoe\x00B3th \x00B3 \x00F0ai\x00F0an\x00B3th - iaoai\x00B3ci ‘aieeaiiy \x00B3 aeieeaiiy’ aai\x00B3a (ca oea a\x00B3aee\x00F0eooy aiie io\x00F0eiaee Iiaaeaanueeo i\x00F0ai\x00B3th o 1965 \x00F0.).

OAI\x00D0\x00B2ss IIA\x00D0IIA

Aaiaoe/i\x00B3 \x00B3ino\x00F0oeoe\x00B3?, ui aecia/athoue ai\x00B3iieeneioio iine\x00B3aeiai\x00B3noue caaaeoaaieo aeua a\x00B3ee\x00B3a, i\x00B3noyoueny a no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0ieo aaiao, i\x00F0e/iio \x00B3ino\x00F0oeoe\x00B3? aeey - aaeaeoiceaeace \x00B3 eaeoiciia\x00F0iaace o\x00B3nii c/aieai\x00B3 a iaei\x00B3e o\x00F0iiinii\x00B3. Aeoeai\x00B3noue oeeo aai\x00B3a \x00F0aaoeth\x00BAoueny ua iaeiei aaiii, yeee iaceaathoue aaiii - \x00F0aaoeyoi\x00F0ii \x00B3 yeee ia\x00F0aoeiaeaea\x00BA ia\x00F0aoiaeo no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0ieo aai\x00B3a aei aeoeaiiai noaio. Aai - \x00F0aaoeyoi\x00F0 iiaea ciaoiaeeoenue ia aeaye\x00B3e a\x00B3aenoai\x00B3 a\x00B3ae no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0ieo aai\x00B3a. Aeieace eiai \x00B3nioaaiiy aoei io\x00F0eiaii i\x00F0e aea/aii\x00B3 iooiaaieo ee\x00B3oei E.coli, ui aoee iicaaaeai\x00B3 oeueiai aaia \x00B3 oiio ae\x00F0iaeyee - aaeaeoiceaeaco aacia\x00F0a\x00F0aii. Aai - \x00F0aaoeyoi\x00F0 i\x00B3noeoue aaiaoe/io \x00B3ioi\x00F0iaoe\x00B3th aeey neioaco \x00F0ai\x00F0ani\x00F0a, eio\x00F0ee ia\x00F0aoeiaeaea\x00BA aeoeaiino\x00B3 no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0ieo aai\x00B3a. \x00D0ai\x00F0ani\x00F0 ae\x00B3\x00BA ia no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0i\x00B3 aaie ia i\x00F0yii, a iiina\x00F0aaeeiaaii, cae\x00B3enithth/e aieea ia \x00F0aa\x00B3ii, ui i\x00F0eeyaa\x00BA aei no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0ieo aai\x00B3a \x00B3 iaceaa\x00BAoueny iia\x00F0aoi\x00F0ii. Iia\x00F0aoi\x00F0 \x00B3 no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0i\x00B3 aaie, yeeie a\x00B3i oi\x00F0aaey\x00BA a noeoiiino\x00B3 iac. iia\x00F0iiii.

\x00D0ai\x00F0ani\x00F0 \x00BA iniaeeaei aeinoa\x00F0e/iei a\x00B3eeii, yeee aai ca’yco\x00BAoueny c iia\x00F0aoi\x00F0ii, i\x00F0eaeoooth/e eiai aeoeai\x00B3noue (‘aeieea\x00BA’ eiai), aai ia ca’yco\x00BAoueny c iei, aeicaieyth/e i\x00F0iyaeyoe aeoeai\x00B3noue (caeeoa\x00BA ‘aa\x00B3ieiaiei’). Eiee iia\x00F0aoi\x00F0 aa\x00B3ieiaii, ia no\x00F0oeoo\x00F0ieo aaiao a\x00B3aeaoaa\x00BAoueny o\x00F0aine\x00F0eioe\x00B3y \x00B3 ooai\x00F0aiiy i\x00D0IE, yeo \x00F0eainiie \x00B3 o\x00D0IE o\x00F0aineththoue a iie\x00B3iaioeaee ; a eiee iia\x00F0aoi\x00F0 aeieiaii, i\x00D0IE ia ooai\x00F0th\x00BAoueny, a ioaea, eiaeiaai\x00B3 iath iie\x00B3iaioeaee ia neioacothoueny.

Iaoai\x00B3ci, a\x00B3ae yeiai caeaaeeoue, /e i\x00F0e\x00BAaeia\x00BAoueny aeinoa\x00F0e/iee a\x00B3eie aei iia\x00F0aoi\x00F0a, i\x00F0inoee \x00B3 a oie aea /an /ooeeaee aei ci\x00B3i aioo\x00F0\x00B3oi\x00B3o oiia a ee\x00B3oei\x00B3. A iieaeoe\x00B3 \x00F0ai\x00F0ani\x00F0a \x00BA yeiaeiaioa aeaa aeoeaieo \x00F0aa\x00B3iie ; aei iaeiiai c ieo iiaea i\x00F0e\x00BAaeioaaoenue iieaeoea \x00B3iaeoeoi\x00F0a, a \x00B3ioee \x00B3nio\x00BA aeey i\x00F0e\x00BAaeiaiiy aei iia\x00F0aoi\x00F0a, ui aeieea\x00BA aanue iia\x00F0ii.

O aoea\x00F0\x00B3io\x00B3a ia aoei aeyaeaii iia\x00F0ii\x00B3a. Eiaeia oeeoiieaciaoe/ia i\x00D0IE iana \x00B3ioi\x00F0iaoe\x00B3th i\x00F0i neioac eeoa iaeiiai a\x00B3eea. Iaeiae o \x00F0ineei cono\x00F0\x00B3/athoueny nenoaie \x00F0aaoeyoe\x00B3?. Iooaoe\x00B3?, ui i\x00F0iyaeythoueny a iaiaiaaeaiiio ooai\x00F0aii\x00B3 a\x00F0oi oa\x00F0iaio\x00B3a, aoei aeyaeaii o eoeo\x00F0oaece (Zeamays) oa ineeiieea (Oenothera).

CAI\x00D0IOI\x00B2E CA’ssCIE

Ie\x00F0\x00B3i aaiaoe/ieo iaoai\x00B3ci, eio\x00F0\x00B3 ci\x00B3iththoue ooieoe\x00B3? ee\x00B3oei, eiio\x00F0iethth/e neioac ie\x00F0aieo oa\x00F0iaio\x00B3a, a\x00B3aeiiee \x00F0yae o\x00B3c\x00B3ieia\x00B3/ieo eiio\x00F0iethth/eo nenoai, ui cae\x00B3eniththoue i\x00F0yio \x00B3ia\x00B3a\x00B3oe\x00B3th oeyoii cai\x00F0ioiueiai ca’yceo. Oea ni\x00F0ey\x00BA aeinyaiaiith aeineoue noaei? eiioeaio\x00F0aoe\x00B3? \x00F0\x00B3cieo iaeeo iieaeoe a ee\x00B3oei\x00B3. \x00D0aaoeyoi\x00F0i\x00B3 iieaeoee oaeiai oeio ei\x00F0aaothoue iio\x00B3e iaoaaie\x00B3o\x00B3a iaaiei iaoaaie\x00B3/iei oeyoii caaaeyee oei/aniaiio ca\x00B3eueoaiith aai ciaioaiith aeoeaiino\x00B3 eeth/iaeo oa\x00F0iaio\x00B3a. Iai\x00F0eeeaae, ia\x00F0oee oa\x00F0iaio o o\x00B3e /e \x00B3io\x00B3e iine\x00B3aeiaiino\x00B3 \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3e cae/aeii \x00B3ia\x00B3ao\x00BAoueny e\x00B3ioeaaei i\x00F0iaeoeoii oeueiai iaoaaie\x00B3/iiai oeyoo ca i\x00F0eioeeiii iaaaoeaiiai cai\x00F0ioiueiai ca’yceo ; oaeei /eiii, yeui iaeiie/o\x00BAoueny caaaaaoi e\x00B3ioeaaiai i\x00F0iaeoeoo, iiaeaeueoa iaaeoiaeaeaiiy iiia\x00F0aaeiee\x00B3a aei aeaiiai iaoaaie\x00B3/iiai oeyoo aaoiiaoe/ii \x00B3ia\x00B3ao\x00BAoueny.

O aeiaaeeo \x00F0icaaeoaeaeaiiy aai ia\x00F0aoeio iaoaaie\x00B3/ieo oeyo\x00B3a, ui a\x00B3aeaoaa\x00BAoueny aeineoue /anoi, \x00BA, ye i\x00F0aaeei, aeae\x00B3eueea oi/ie, a yeeo cae\x00B3enith\x00BAoueny eiio\x00F0ieue \x00F0\x00B3cieie e\x00B3ioeaaeie i\x00F0iaeoeoaie. Iane\x00B3eueee aaaeeea\x00B3 oae\x00B3 i\x00F0ioeane \x00F0aaoeyoe\x00B3? ca i\x00F0eioeeiii cai\x00F0ioiueiai ca’yceo, aeaeii c iaethiea.





Ia oeueiio iaethieo cia\x00F0aaeaia \x00F0aaoeyoe\x00B3y oa\x00F0iaioaoeaii? aeoeaiino\x00B3 a iine\x00B3aeiaiinoyo \x00F0aaeoe\x00B3e, ui aaaeooue aei ooai\x00F0aiiy ai\x00B3iieeneio.

\x00D0aaoeyoe\x00B3y ca i\x00F0eioeeiii cai\x00F0ioiueiai ca’yceo iiaea ni\x00F0aoeueiaoaaoe iaeaea ieoo\x00BAai \x00B3 \x00BA iai\x00F0ioiith ; e\x00F0\x00B3i oiai, iaaiee e\x00B3ioeaaee i\x00F0iaeoeo iiaea \x00B3ia\x00B3aoaaoe oa\x00F0iaioe, ui eaoae\x00B3cothoue eiai neioac, \x00B3 i\x00F0e oeueiio aooe aeoeaaoi\x00F0ii oa\x00F0iaio\x00B3a \x00B3ioiai iaoaaie\x00B3/iiai oeyoo.

Ioaea, ie iienaee aeae\x00B3eueea iaoai\x00B3ci\x00B3a \x00F0aaoeyoe\x00B3? oa\x00F0iaioaoeaii? aeoeaiino\x00B3 a ee\x00B3oei\x00B3, a oaeiae e\x00B3eueea aaaeeeaeo oaeoi\x00F0\x00B3a, ye\x00B3 noi\x00F0iaiaeaeothoue oeae i\x00F0ioean o i\x00F0iea\x00F0\x00B3ioe/ieo \x00B3 aoea\x00F0\x00B3ioe/ieo ee\x00B3oei.



Ia\x00F0ae\x00B3e aeei\x00F0enoaii? e\x00B3oa\x00F0aoo\x00F0e

1) A.A\x00F0\x00B3i, O.Noaoo, Ae.Oaeei\x00F0 ‘A\x00B3ieia\x00B3y’

2) A.Aeueaa\x00F0on, Ae.A\x00F0ae, Aeae.Eueth\x00B3n, I.\x00D0aoo, E.\x00D0iaa\x00F0on,

Aeae.Oionii ‘Iieaeoey\x00F0ia a\x00B3ieia\x00B3y ee\x00B3oeie’

3) \x00D0.\x00D0aeai, \x00D0.Aaa\x00F0o, N.Aeeoi\x00F0i ‘No/ania aioai\x00B3ea’