Polysemy In The Semantic Field Of Movement In The English Language, Детальна інформація

(10) When he crashed, his heart sank at the thought that he might die.

Finally, glide refers to quiet/smooth movement in a wide range of contexts (water, air, land):

(11) The cruiser glided across the sea.

(12) An owl glided over the fields.

(13) The snake glided towards its prey.

As mentioned above, the domain of MOVEMENT is marked by the semantic parameter of direction, which can determine verb membership. The lexemes jump, vault, leap, hop and spring are subsumed under various subdomains depending on whether they denote forward or upward/downward movement over an obstacle:

VERB DIRECTION DIMENSION MEANING

Jump

Vault

Leap

Hop

Spring Forwards To move forwards quickly/suddenly To move forwards quickly using your legs

To jump onto sth with your hands on it

To jump energetically a long distance

To jump on one foot (sb)/with both feet (birds/small animals)

To jump suddenly

Jump

Vault

Leap Over sth To move across/over/

through To move over sth quickly using your legs

To jump over sth with your hands on it

To jump over sth energetically

Jump

Spring

Hop Up/Down To move up/down using one’s feet To move up/down quickly using one’s feet

To jump suddenly

To jump on one leg

(14) Robert jumped one metre/over the fence/out of the shadow.

(15) Carol sprang at him/to her feet.

Finally, as shown below, verb membership can also be determined by the parameter describing the nature of the subject or object.